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2016| January-March | Volume 2 | Issue 1
Online since
January 25, 2016
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LETTER TO EDITOR
Stress management in medical students: A yogic therapy approach
Anant Shhurao Kukade, Rajesh , Tikhe Sham Ganpat, Hongasandra Ramarao Nagendra
January-March 2016, 2(1):65-67
DOI
:10.4103/2395-2296.174793
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Assessment and comparison of influential factors in educational accomplishment of students in governmental, Azad and Payame Noor Universities
Azam Mola Mohammadi, Somayeh Daneshmandi
January-March 2016, 2(1):16-21
DOI
:10.4103/2395-2296.174786
Aim:
The main objective of this study is to evaluate and compare of factors affecting the educational accomplishment of students in governmental, Azad and Payame Noor Universities.
Methodology:
This study is a descriptive research and was conducted by using survey method. The statistical society contains all senior student of education at governmental, Azad and Payame Noor Universities and the statistical sample included 123 students selected by using stratified random sampling method. The tool for gathering data was questionnaire. The data gathered were analyzed by taking advantage of ANOVA, Freedman and least significant difference test.
Results:
The research findings showed that there is significance difference between universities in terms of intelligence and cognitive and institutional factors.
Conclusion:
The result shows that role of intelligence and cognitive factors between students of Azad University was higher than students of Payame Noor University, and the role of institutional factor was higher in governmental university than Payame Noor University. Furthermore, based on Friedman the motivational factor was placed in the first, and the institutional factor was placed in the last rank.
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Evaluation of the role of applying e-learning from faculty members' point of view in Azad University of Sari-Iran
Mojtaba Rezaei Rad, Masoumeh Rezaei
January-March 2016, 2(1):22-25
DOI
:10.4103/2395-2296.174787
Aims:
This study reviews the role of e-learning application in training and learning process from the point of view of faculty members of Islamic Azad University of Sari in 2012.
Methods:
Descriptive survey method (field study) was used in this study. Statistical populations were 140 professors of faculty members of Islamic Azad University of Sari of which 103 were selected randomly as a sample according to Kerjsi-Morgan chart. For data collection, the researcher made questionnaire considering global experiences was used. Professors' judgment of this field was used to determine the validity. The reliability of questionnaire was 0/88 calculated via Cronbach's alpha. Data analysis was done according to descriptive and inferential statistics (one sample
t-
test).
Results:
The results of this study showed that online or attendance training, networks, video conference, multimedia, training through cell phones, and also training via TV, audio, and video tapes have important role in student's training and learning process. Furthermore, the results showed that faculty members have a positive attitude about applying e-learning methods.
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Positive impact of knowledge about tuberculosis and its treatment on treatment adherence among new smear-positive tuberculosis patients in ward E of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Priya Y Kulkarni, Atul D Kulkarni, Sulabha V Akarte, Prasad A Rajhans
January-March 2016, 2(1):26-30
DOI
:10.4103/2395-2296.174788
Background:
Treatment nonadherence is major challenge before tuberculosis (TB) control activities. Treatment adherence is the result of interactions of various factors related to the patient, provider, health setup, type of illness, and sociocultural factors.
Aim:
The aim was to assess baseline knowledge of new smear-positive TB patients about their disease and treatment and to find its impact on treatment adherence.
Methods:
New sputum-positive TB patients initiated directly observed treatment short-course in ward E of Mumbai district in first two-quarters of the calendar year were enrolled in the study. They were interviewed by trained interviewer as per pretested semi-structured interview schedules to collect sociodemographic information and to assess their knowledge after verbal consent. Treatment adherence was noted by screening treatment cards after any final outcome of the treatment as per Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program. Data were entered in Microsoft excel and analyzed using SPSS 15.0 software (developed by IBM, Chicago, USA in 2007).
Results:
Out of 157 patients enrolled, 150 could be interviewed. The majority were in reproductive age group and from class IV and V socioeconomic class. Good knowledge about infectiousness, reasons behind TB, its spread, curability, and treatment duration was found in 29.5%, 28.8%, 16%, 59%, and 22.3%, respectively. 72/150 were treatment adherent and good knowledge about all these aspects was significantly associated with treatment adherence. Most significant association was found with good knowledge about infectiousness of TB (odds ratio: 1.764,
P
< 0.001).
Conclusions:
Thorough knowledge regarding TB and its treatment should be given to the TB patients at the initiation of the treatment may help to improve treatment adherence.
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Evaluation of level of professional satisfaction among final year students and interns of dental colleges in India
Vandana R Gadve, SR Shenoi, Pratima Shenoi, Neelima Budharaja, Saruchi Gupta
January-March 2016, 2(1):31-34
DOI
:10.4103/2395-2296.174789
Aim:
Due to the fewer number of postgraduate seats available, it is found that many Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) undergraduate students are dissatisfied, and thus this study was carried out to ascertain the level of professional satisfaction and various factors contributing to dissatisfaction about BDS career among undergraduate students of dental colleges of Nagpur region (Maharashtra–India).
Materials and Methods:
A questionnaire-based study was conducted in July–September, 2013 at Vidya Shikshan Prasarak Mandal's (VSPM's) Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur. A questionnaire was prepared consisting of 10 questions related to various facets of the level of satisfaction about the dental profession. Ethical approval for conducting the survey was obtained from the ethical committee of VSPM's Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur. The questionnaire was validated and was distributed to final year students and interns of 3 dental colleges in this region. Two hundred and five final year students and interns out of 400 (51%) were responded to the questionnaire, and the results were tabulated and analyzed.
Result:
Thirty-eight percentage (77) would recommend BDS course as a career option to others. Over 75% opined that postgraduation education is must in the profession. A significant number of students (38%) opined that they will opt for short term courses like esthetic dentistry, implant etc., other than postgraduation.
Conclusions:
This concluded that many of them would like to pursue postgraduation degree in various specialties, as well as short term courses such as esthetic dentistry and implants for better career prospects.
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Validation of the training and human resource development of excellence model in Iran
Abasalt Khorasani, Mohammad Amouzad, Azam Molamohammadi
January-March 2016, 2(1):35-43
DOI
:10.4103/2395-2296.174790
Aim:
The main objective of this study was to validate Training and Development of Excellence Model (TDEM) in Iran.
Method:
This study is a descriptive research and was conducted by using survey method. The statistical society contains specialists, experts, and key knower of training area about TDEM in Iran. Statistical sample included 154 people selected using a stratified random sampling method. The tool used is a questionnaire containing 124 items. Obtained results were analyzed using statistical methods of structural equation benchmarking and using LISREL statistical software (lisrel 8.5).
Results:
The research findings showed that the amount of the Adjusted Goodness-of-Fit Index was 0.91, and the amount of the Root Mean Squared Error of Approximation was estimated by 0.08, therefore model validation indexes are desirable. Furthermore, by using
t
-test, investigation of the model parameters is discussed.
Conclusions:
The results of this study have been indicated favorable validation indexes of TDEM. The segmentation of the model is also supported by the findings (segmentation into three parts; enablers, processes, and results).
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Preparation and evaluation of psychometric quality of shyness questionnaire for students of Universities of Isfahan province
Rahele Samouei, Zahra Toghiani, Hamid Nasiri
January-March 2016, 2(1):44-48
DOI
:10.4103/2395-2296.168503
Goal:
Given the need of scientific community for suitable psychometric tools for determination of psychological characteristics, this study aims to prepare a shyness questionnaire for university students of Isfahan province and evaluate the psychometric quality of the questionnaire.
Methods:
This study uses descriptive and assessment method. In this work, 500 students from various Universities in Isfahan province were selected at random and answered the preliminary version of the prepared shyness questionnaire. Then the reliability of the questionnaire was investigated using Cronbach's alpha, even-odd method, and test-retest method.
Findings:
Investigating the psychometric quality of the questionnaire showed that it has suitable internal consistency. The reliability was calculated to be 0.83 by using Cronbach's alpha, 0.7 using the even-odd method, and 0.97 using test-retest method, which indicates good reliability.
Conclusions:
Given the acceptable psychometric quality of the questionnaire, this 44-item form can be a suitable tool for investigating shyness among students for various research purposes.
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Investigation of the multiple relationships between early maladaptive schemas and coping styles with anxiety
Maryam Zadahmad, Hajar Torkan
January-March 2016, 2(1):49-53
DOI
:10.4103/2395-2296.174791
Aim:
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the multiple relationships between early maladaptive schemas (EMS) and coping styles with anxiety.
Methods:
This was a descriptivecorrelational. Therefore, a study sample consisted of 200 students, from the Islamic Azad University of Karaj, were chosen using multistage cluster sampling method. The research instruments were Beck Anxiety Inventory, a short form of young early maladaptive schema, and short form of the coping inventory for stressful situations.
Result:
The statistical analysis results indicated that there was a significant positive relationship between EMS and emotion-oriented coping with anxiety, and there was a significant negative relationship between task-oriented copings with anxiety. Moreover, also EMS including mistrust-abuse, vulnerability to harm and illness, and social isolation-alienation were able to predict anxiety.
Conclusions:
With the increase of mistrust-abuse, the vulnerability to harm and illness and social isolation-alienation, anxiety also increases. The emotion-oriented life style would ease stressful events and has the ability to predict anxiety. In contrast, individuals with task-oriented coping style either overcome the problem or minimize it by managing wants, internal and environmental conflicts, with the change and reform and regulating the source of stress. Thus, it can be concluded that changes in these variables would be associated with changes in anxiety.
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Explanation of the justice-oriented education's reasons from the religious teachings' perspective emphasized in the Nahjulbalagha
Yasin Tavakoli, Hashem Golstani, Reza Ali Norouzi, Farzad Rezaei
January-March 2016, 2(1):5-15
DOI
:10.4103/2395-2296.174785
Aim:
The purpose of this study explains the principles of justice education from the perspective of the Nahjulbalagha.
Methods:
In this study which is fundamental and qualitative research, to determine the reasons of justice-oriented education, a thematic analysis method was used. To gather and identify themes associated with the principles of educational justice, first theoretical principles and Islamic scholars views have been examined, then by referring and studying Nahjulbalagha, related content about extraction, coding, and frequency has been counted.
Result:
The results of the thematic analysis and comparative analysis show that the basic principle of justice as a major theme is provided of three integrating themes and 11 key themes. The relation of these themes is presented as a template in the content network.
Conclusions:
Each justice Foundations educational, religious foundations, epistemic and social foundations to identify the key themes. Educational justice is part of why the educational principles of justice.
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Effectiveness of family life education on marital satisfaction of couples attending counseling center in Isfahan city
Mahboobe Rezaee, Elham Foruzandeh
January-March 2016, 2(1):54-59
DOI
:10.4103/2395-2296.174792
Aim:
The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of family life education on couple's marital satisfaction which was referred to counseling centers in Isfahan.
Methods:
Research method was quasi-experimental using pretest and posttest with the control group. Statistical population included all couples with marital dissatisfaction were referred to counseling centers in Isfahan. Using the method of random sampling selected 30 couples with marital dissatisfaction, that they were referred to counseling centers in Isfahan from July to end of August 1393, and were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. For the experimental group, life skills training sessions were held over 10 sessions for 2 h. These sessions included information about family and marriage, conflict resolution skills, conversation skills, gender roles, and child-rearing skills. All couples completed 47 questions marital satisfaction questionnaire (1989) before and after the implementation of the independent variable (family life education). Data analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance.
Result:
Mean scores of marital satisfaction was significant at posttest in experimental and control groups (
P
= 0/001). In other words, we can say family life skills training has improved marital satisfaction scores in the experimental group at posttest. The effects of group membership or family life skills training, in improving marital satisfaction is 90/8%.
Conclusions:
The results showed that using the model of family life education in this study can change marital satisfaction. This means that, an increase in marital satisfaction through family life education program content reduce stress and dissatisfaction and improve feelings of competence and couple health.
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An investigation of various quality indicators of final exams in specialized courses of Bachelor of Nursing
Habibollah Hoseini, Mahsa Shakour, Abdollah Rezaei Dehaghani, Mohammad Reza Abdolmaleki
January-March 2016, 2(1):60-64
DOI
:10.4103/2395-2296.168506
Aim:
Different evidence has revealed that the quality of exams significantly affects the quality of training. Therefore, the present study, with the purpose of evaluating final exams of specialized theoretical courses of Nursing, was conducted based on standard indicators of classical model of test evaluation.
Methods:
This is a cross-sectional study. Sampling was census and samples were 372 final exam questions of eight specialized theoretical courses of Nursing. Variables in exams were evaluated: Reliability, validity, difficulty, discrepancies, type and level of questions by two experts of education, and eight professors of courses.
Results:
The correlation between sessions and the overall number of designed questions for all courses was significant
(r
= 0.34,
P
< 0.001). For Bloom's level, 56.2% of all the questions were at knowledge level and 3 (0.8%) at synthesis level.
Conclusions:
Exam questions of Nursing major in the present study and many other studies are not of high quality. It is recommended that Evaluation Committees of universities carry out continuous supervision over educational and training plans be offered for question designers.
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REVIEW ARTICLE
Publication race: A scientific misbehavior
Mythri Halappa
January-March 2016, 2(1):1-4
DOI
:10.4103/2395-2296.174794
Scientific journals have a role to further progress science by providing a platform to communicate new findings and the results of scientific research. Publication of articles is a kind of documentation and journals are one of the most important tools for documentation. Now a day, the electronic publication has a major role in the field of science contributing to accessibility. Like other fields, even publication process has a code of conduct which is called as “publication ethics.” This is a self-regulatory mechanism insisting on integrity on the part of authors, peer reviewers, and publishers to establish higher standards of editorial processing for the research. Violation of publication ethics is a global problem, and it is due to the scientific misbehavior.
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